Skip to content

# Image Menu

Back to MIB | User interface | Menu

## Overview

Image processing functions.

## Mode

Allows changing the mode and color depth of the shown dataset.

Available options

- Grayscale: converts image to grayscale by removing color information.
- RGB Color: converts image to the RGB color space.
- HSV Color: converts image to the HSV (hue, saturation, value) color space.
- Indexed: converts image to indexed colors (not implemented for True Color images).
- 8 bit: converts dataset to 8-bit format; intensities are scaled to preserve adjustments from the Display dialog.
- 16 bit: converts dataset to 16-bit format; intensities are scaled to preserve original contrast.
- 32 bit: converts dataset to 32-bit format; intensities are scaled to preserve original contrast.

## Adjust Display/Image

Starts a dialog to adjust display settings or resample image intensities.
See more in the Adjust display window section.

## Color Channels

Perform actions with color channels of the image.

Demonstrations

- General demonstration
- Correction of color shifts between images

List of operations with color channels

- Insert empty channel...: insert an empty channel (all pixels intensity 0) to a specified position.
- Copy channel...: copy one channel to another position.
- Invert channel...: invert intensities of a specified color channel.
- Rotate channel...: rotate a specified color channel.
- Shift channel...: shift a channel by X and Y pixels.
- Swap channels...: swap two color channels.
- Delete channel...: delete a specified color channel from the dataset.

It is also possible to perform color channel operations from the Colors table in the View settings panel.

## Contrast

Adjust contrast of the dataset. For linear contrast stretching, use the Image Adjustment dialog via the Display button in the View Settings panel.

Demonstration

- Image normalization tutorial

List of contrast adjustment operations

- Linear contrast: no longer available in MIB; use the Display button in the View Settings panel.
- Contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization: CLAHE enhances contrast in small regions (tiles) rather than the entire image. Each tile’s contrast is adjusted to match a specified histogram (Distribution parameter), with neighboring tiles combined using bilinear interpolation to smooth boundaries. Contrast in homogeneous areas can be limited to avoid noise amplification. See MATLAB’s adapthisteq for details.
- Normalize layers: normalizes intensities between slices:
  1. calculates mean intensity and standard deviation (std) for the whole dataset;
  2. calculates mean and std for each image;
  3. shifts each image based on the difference between its mean and the dataset mean, then stretches based on the ratio of dataset std to image std.

Normalize layers

For 4D datasets, normalization can be done across time.
For Z-stacks, black or white pixels can be excluded.

- Normalize layers based on masked areas: similar to Normalize layers, but calculated only from masked areas (Selection or Mask layers).
- Normalize based on masked background: normalizes intensities using masked background areas:
  1. calculates mean intensity of the masked area for the whole dataset;
  2. calculates mean intensities of the masked area for each image;
  3. shifts each image based on the difference between its mean and the dataset mean.

## Invert image

Invert image intensities.

Key shortcut: `Ctrl`+`I` .

Demonstration

- Invert image demonstration

Invert operations available for

- Shown slice (2D): invert only the currently shown slice.
- Current stack (3D): invert the current stack.
- Complete volume (4D): invert the complete dataset.

## Image filters

Opens a dialog with image filters in four categories:

- Basic image filtering in the spatial domain
- Edge-preserving filtering
- Contrast adjustment
- Image binarization

See the Image Filters for details.

## Tools for images

Tools for images contains collection of tools for image processing.

### Content-aware fill

Reconstruct selected areas using information from neighboring regions.

Demonstration

- Content-aware fill demonstration

- See more on content-aware fill using inpaintCoherent
- See more on content-aware fill using inpaintExemplar

### Debris removal

Automatically or manually restore areas of volumetric datasets corrupted with debris.
Areas can be detected automatically or selected into the Mask or Selection layers.

Demonstration

- Debris removal demo
- See more on Debris removal

### Image arithmetics

Use MATLAB syntax to apply custom arithmetic expressions to Image, Model, Mask, or Selection layers.

Demonstrations

- MIB 2.60 and newer
- MIB 2.52 and older

Limitations

Only in MIB for MATLAB

See more on Image arithmetics

### Intensity projection

Generate intensity projection across any dimension of the loaded dataset.

Demonstration

- Intensity projection demonstration

See more on Intensity projections

### Select image frame

Detects the frame (an area of uniform intensity touching the image edge). The detected area can be assigned to the Selection or Mask layers or replaced with another color in the Image layer.

Demonstration

- Select image frame demonstration

See more on Select image frame

### White balance correction

Corrects white balance of the dataset. Start by selecting an area that should be white or gray, assigning it to the Mask or Selection layers, or use Manual mode to provide an RGB value to correct.

Demonstration

- White balance correction demo

See more on Select image frame

## Morphological operations

Applies morphological operations to images.
The processed image can be added to or subtracted from the existing image (see Additional action to the result panel).

Demonstration

- Morphological operations demonstration

See more on Morphological operations

## Intensity profile

Generates an intensity profile of the image data in two modes:

- Line
- Arbitrary

For intensity profiles, use the Measure length tool.

*Back to MIB | User interface | Menu *